Gambling involves the exchange of real money for valuable items whose outcome is determined at least partly by chance. It can take many forms, from scratchcards to online games and video slots. People may gamble for pleasure, as a means of socialising or as a way to win money. Some people may even be addicted to gambling and experience a range of negative impacts. These can be on personal, family and societal/community levels. There are also benefits to gambling, including economic development and increased employment.
The costs and benefits of gambling can be grouped into three classes: financial, labour and health and well-being. Financial impacts include changes in financial situations, such as income loss or gain and effects on household finances. Labour impacts can be a result of changes in work performance, absenteeism and a decrease in productivity. Lastly, the impact on health and well-being can be seen in changes to physical and psychological wellbeing.
While most people who gamble do so responsibly, some develop a gambling disorder, described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as a recurrent pattern of gambling behaviour associated with significant distress or impairment. Some people with a gambling disorder find it difficult to recognise that their gambling is a problem, even when others tell them. They often lie about how much they are spending or hide evidence of their gambling activities.
Feelings of low mood and depression are common among people with a gambling disorder, which can lead to self-harm or suicidal thoughts. People with gambling disorders are more likely to have feelings of guilt, shame and worthlessness than those without a disorder. They can also be socially isolated and ostracised from their communities.
Changing your lifestyle can help you stop gambling, or reduce the amount of gambling you do. For example, try to spend more time with friends who don’t gamble or find other ways of relieving boredom and stress. You could also start exercising, taking up new hobbies or practicing relaxation techniques. Alternatively, you could try talking to someone about your gambling, using support groups or seeking professional treatment.
If you are concerned that your gambling is out of control, try setting boundaries in managing your money and reviewing your bank statements regularly. You can also seek help from local referral resources for a professional gambling counsellor or intensive treatment program. If you have suicidal thoughts or feelings, get help immediately. It is possible to recover from a gambling disorder and there is hope, no matter how long you have been gambling for or how much you have lost.
